This answer is based on the definition of a business capability as ''an ability that a business possesses to achieve a specific outcome''1.A business capability defines ''what'' a business does at its core, not ''how'' or ''where'' it does it2. Therefore, to define a business capability, one needs to identify and describe what needs to be done by the business in support of its overall mission, which is the ultimate outcome that the business seeks to achieve. The other options are not correct because they describe different aspects of business analysis or architecture, such as defining the business problem, identifying the actors and roles, or documenting the project scope.

This answer is based on the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Phase A: Architecture Vision3, which states that ''The detailed assessment of business capability gaps belongs in Phase B as a core aspect of the Business Architecture, where the architect can help the enterprise understand gaps throughout the business, of many types, that need to be addressed in later phases of the architecture.'' Therefore, Phase B is where the detailed assessment of business capability gaps occurs. The other phases are not correct for this purpose.

This answer is based on the TOGAF Standard, Version 9.2 - Business Scenarios , which states that ''The business and technology environment is a description of the current situation in terms of business processes (including business capabilities), people (including skills), information (including data), applications (including software), infrastructure (including hardware), and governance (including standards).'' Business capabilities and value streams are modeled when identifying the business and technology environment, as they provide a high-level view of what the business does or can do, and how it delivers value to its stakeholders. The other options are not correct, as they are not parts of a business scenario where business capabilities and value streams are modeled.

This answer is based on the definition of exit criteria in the TOGAF Series Guide: Value Streams2, which states that ''Exit criteria are a set of conditions that must be met before proceeding to the next stage in a value stream. They are used to ensure that the value stream stage has been completed successfully and that the required outputs have been produced.'' Exit criteria describe the end state condition that denotes the completion of a value stream stage, as they indicate that the stage has achieved its objectives and can move on to the next stage. The other options are not correct, as they do not describe the element of a value stream stage that denotes its completion.

This answer is based on the definition of business capability mapping as ''a technique for the representation of an organization's business anchor model, independent of the organization's structure, processes, people, or domains'' . Business capability mapping identifies, categorizes, and decomposes the business capabilities required for the business to have the ability to deliver value to one or more stakeholders. The other options are not correct, as they do not match the description of the technique marked W.