When does a warm bucket roll over to a cold bucket?
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.1.1/Indexer/HowSplunkstoresindexes
Once further conditions are met (for example, the index reaches some maximum number of warm buckets), the indexer begins to roll the warm buckets to cold, based on their age. It always selects the oldest warm bucket to roll to cold. Buckets continue to roll to cold as they age in this manner. Cold buckets reside in a different location from hot and warm buckets. You can configure the location so that cold buckets reside on cheaper storage.
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Which Splunk component distributes apps and certain other configuration updates to search head cluster members?
https://docs.splunk.com/Documentation/Splunk/8.0.5/Updating/Updateconfigurations First line says it all: 'The deployment server distributes deployment apps to clients.'
Which additional component is required for a search head cluster?
The deployer. This is a Splunk Enterprise instance that distributes apps and other configurations to the cluster members. It stands outside the cluster and cannot run on the same instance as a cluster member. It can, however, under some circumstances, reside on the same instance as other Splunk Enterprise components, such as a deployment server or an indexer cluster master node.