The code fragment is trying to sort a list of books using the Collections.sort() method. The correct answer is D, because the compareTo() method is not the correct way to compare two objects in a Comparator.The compare() method is the correct way to compare two objects in a Comparator and return an int value that indicates their order1.The compareTo() method is used to implement the Comparable interface, which defines the natural order of objects of a class2.The other options are incorrect because they either do not change the type of the list, which is already mutable, or they do not use the correct syntax for sorting a stream, which requires a terminal operation such as collect()3.Reference:Comparator (Java SE 17 & JDK 17),Comparable (Java SE 17 & JDK 17),Stream (Java SE 17 & JDK 17)

The two code fragments that compile are B and E. These are the only ones that use the correct syntax for declaring and initializing a var variable. The var keyword is a reserved type name that allows the compiler to infer the type of the variable based on the initializer expression. However, the var variable must have an initializer, and the initializer must not be null or a lambda expression. Therefore, option A is invalid because it does not have an initializer, option C is invalid because it has a null initializer, and option D is invalid because it has a lambda expression as an initializer. Option B is valid because it has a String initializer, and option E is valid because it has an int initializer.

https://docs.oracle.com/en/java/javase/17/language/local-variable-type-inference.html

The code fragment will fail to compile because the parseInt method of the Integer class is a static method, which means that it can be invoked without creating an object of the class. However, the code is trying to invoke the parseInt method on an object of type Integer, which is not allowed. The correct way to invoke the parseInt method is by using the class name, such as Integer.parseInt (s). Therefore, the code fragment will produce a compilation error.Reference:Integer (Java SE 17 & JDK 17) - Oracle

The answer is B and E because the module-info file should include a provides directive and an exports directive to represent the service provider interface. The provides directive declares that the module provides an implementation of a service interface, which is com.transport.vehicle.cars.Car in this case. The with clause specifies the fully qualified name of the service provider class, which is com.transport.vehicle.cars.impl.CarImpl in this case. The exports directive declares that the module exports a package, which is com.transport.vehicle.cars in this case, to make it available to other modules. The package contains the service interface that other modules can use.

Option A is incorrect because requires is not the correct keyword to declare a service provider interface. Requires declares that the module depends on another module, which is not the case here.

Option C is incorrect because it has a typo in the module name. It should be com.transport.vehicle.cars, not cm.transport.vehicle.cars.

Option D is incorrect because it has a typo in the keyword provides. It should be provides, not Provides. It also has a typo in the service interface name. It should be com.transport.vehicle.cars.Car, not com.transport.vehicle.cars.Car impl. It also has an unnecessary to clause, which is used to limit the accessibility of an exported package to specific modules.

Option F is incorrect because it exports the wrong package. It should export com.transport.vehicle.cars, not com.transport.vehicle.cars.impl. The impl package contains the service provider class, which should not be exposed to other modules.

Option G is incorrect because it exports the wrong package. It should export com.transport.vehicle.cars, not com.transport.vehicle. The vehicle package does not contain the service interface or the service provider class.Reference:

Oracle Certified Professional: Java SE 17 Developer

Java SE 17 Developer

OCP Oracle Certified Professional Java SE 17 Developer Study Guide

Java Modules - Service Interface Module - GeeksforGeeks

Java Service Provider Interface | Baeldung

The code fragment is using the stream methods allMatch, anyMatch, noneMatch, and findFirst on a list of strings called specialDays.These methods are used to perform matching operations on the elements of a stream, such as checking if all, any, or none of the elements satisfy a given predicate, or finding the first element that matches a predicate1. The predicate in this case is that the string equals ''Labour'' or ''Halloween''. The output will be:

False: because not all of the elements in specialDays are equal to ''Labour'' or ''Halloween''.

true: because at least one of the elements in specialDays is equal to ''Labour'' or ''Halloween''.

true: because none of the elements in specialDays are equal to both ''Labour'' and ''Halloween''.

Optional[NewYear]: because the first element in specialDays that matches the predicate is ''NewYear'', and the findFirst method returns an Optional object that may or may not contain a non-null value2.