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BOOK_SEQ is an existing sequence in your schema.
Which two CREATE TABLE commands are valid?
For creating tables and utilizing sequences in Oracle 12c SQL, certain rules apply:
Option A: This statement is valid. It creates a table with a primary key and dates, where the default value for end_date is SYSDATE. There are no constraints on sequences, and all syntax is correct.
Option B: This option is invalid because it attempts to use CURRVAL of a sequence as a default value for a primary key. CURRVAL cannot be used until the sequence's NEXTVAL has been called in the session.
Option C: Invalid syntax because 'start date' is not a recognized default expression in Oracle SQL. If the intention was to use 'start_date' as a reference, it still would not work correctly without proper syntax for conditional default values.
Option D: This syntax is invalid in Oracle SQL because the DEFAULT clause does not support relational conditions directly within the table definition.
Option E: Valid. It correctly uses NEXTVAL for a sequence in the DEFAULT clause for the primary key, ensuring that each new record has a unique primary key generated from the sequence. The start_date and end_date are assigned defaults of SYSDATE, which is syntactically correct.
You execute this command:
ALTER TABLE employees SET UNUSED (department_id);
Which two are true?
D . True, after setting the DEPARTMENT_ID column to UNUSED, you can add a new column with the name DEPARTMENT_ID to the EMPLOYEES table. The UNUSED clause does not delete the column, it only marks it as no longer being used. E . True, once a column is marked as UNUSED, you cannot make updates to it. It becomes inaccessible for DML operations.
A, B, C, and F are not correct because: A. Once a column is set to UNUSED, it is not available for queries. B. The storage space is not immediately released after issuing a COMMIT; instead, the actual removal and space reclamation happen when you subsequently issue the DROP UNUSED COLUMNS operation. C. The DEPARTMENT_ID column is not set to null; instead, it's marked as UNUSED, which means it is no longer available for use. F. UNUSED columns are not placed into the recycle bin; they are just marked for deletion, and space can be reclaimed with the DROP UNUSED COLUMNS command.
Oracle documentation on ALTER TABLE: Oracle Database SQL Language Reference
Understanding ALTER TABLE SET UNUSED: Oracle Database Administrator's Guide
The SYSDATE function displays the current Oracle Server date as:
21 -MAY-19
You wish to display the date as:
MONDAY, 21 MAY, 201 9
Which statement will do this?
To format a date in Oracle SQL, TO_CHAR function is used to convert date types to string with a specified format:
Option A: SELECT TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'FMDAY, DD MONTH, YYYY') FROM DUAL;
This correctly applies the date format model 'FMDAY, DD MONTH, YYYY', which will display the date as requested: 'MONDAY, 21 MAY, 2019'. FM modifier is used to remove padding blanks or leading zeros.
Options B, C, and D do not achieve the desired output:
Option B is incorrect because TO_DATE converts a string to a date, not format a date.
Option C and D have incorrect format strings that do not match the required output format.
In which three situations does a new transaction always start?
Substitution variables in Oracle are used to replace a value dynamically during the execution of SQL statements. The behavior of these variables is well-documented:
C . A substitution variable prefixed with & always prompts only once for a value in a session: This is true. In a session, when you use a single ampersand (&), SQL*Plus or SQL Developer will prompt for the value the first time the variable is encountered. The value for this variable will then be reused for the remainder of the session unless it is redefined.
D . A substitution variable can be used with any clause in a SELECT statement: Substitution variables can be placed in any part of a SQL statement, including the SELECT, WHERE, GROUP BY, ORDER BY, etc. They are not limited to any specific clause.
Oracle SQL*Plus User's Guide and Reference, which discusses substitution variables.
Which statement will return the last sequence number generated by the EMP_ SEQ sequence?
A: NEXTVAL is used to increment the sequence and return the next value; it does not give the last number generated.
B: CURRVAL returns the current value of the sequence, which is the last value generated in the user's current session. However, CURRVAL cannot be queried unless NEXTVAL has been called at least once in that session.
C: CURRVAL is used correctly, but the syntax 'sequence.CURRVAL' is not correct in Oracle SQL.
D: NEXTVAL is used to generate the next sequence number, not to retrieve the last one generated.
