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What is a degree-1 node?
A degree-1 node is a node that only has one direction, and it is therefore a terminal node. This means that the node only has one input and one output port. It does not have any other ports to connect to other nodes or fibers. This is a common feature of some optical transport networks, such as ring networks, where a degree-1 node serves as the endpoint of the ring.
Which of the following sentences about FlexGrid is false?
FlexGrid is a flexible grid technology that allows for variable channel spacing and bandwidth allocation. It uses the same sets of boards as the traditional fixed grid systems and it does not require upgrading the old generation WDM systems.
'Flexible Grid Optical Networks: From Concepts to Realizations' by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
'Flexible Grid and Flexible Spectrum Optical Networks' by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
'Flexible Grid Optical Networks' by Diomidis S. Michalopoulos and George K. Karagiannidis
What is the definition of OSNR?
The OSNR is defined as the ratio between the average optical signal power and the average optical noise power over a specific spectral bandwidth. This is also known as the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and it is a measure of how much signal is present in the optical signal compared to the noise, usually expressed in decibels (dB).
Where is the OPS card equipped to provide the optical channel protection?
According to the Nokia's 1830 Photonic Service Switch (PSS) product documentation, the Optical Protection Switching (OPS) card is equipped in the transponder and is responsible for providing optical channel protection between the transponder and the amplifiers. The OPS card monitors the optical signal and switches to a pre-configured protection path in case of signal degradation or loss.
What is the metro area network?
The Metro Area Network (MAN) is a telecommunications network that spans a metropolitan area and connects multiple local area networks (LANs) or business networks together. It typically covers an area that is larger than a LAN but smaller than a wide area network (WAN). The purpose of a MAN is to provide a high-bandwidth, low-latency communication infrastructure for businesses and other organizations in a metropolitan area.