Free Google Professional-Machine-Learning-Engineer Exam Actual Questions

The questions for Professional-Machine-Learning-Engineer were last updated On Mar 23, 2025

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Question No. 1

You are an ML engineer at a bank that has a mobile application. Management has asked you to build an ML-based biometric authentication for the app that verifies a customer's identity based on their fingerprint. Fingerprints are considered highly sensitive personal information and cannot be downloaded and stored into the bank databases. Which learning strategy should you recommend to train and deploy this ML model?

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Correct Answer: B

Federated learning is a machine learning technique that enables organizations to train AI models on decentralized data without centralizing or sharing it1.It allows data privacy, continual learning, and better performance on end-user devices2.Federated learning works by sending the model parameters to the devices, where they are updated locally on the device's data, and then aggregating the updated parameters on a central server to form a global model3. This way, the data never leaves the device and the model can learn from a large and diverse dataset.

Federated learning is suitable for the use case of building an ML-based biometric authentication for the bank's mobile app that verifies a customer's identity based on their fingerprint. Fingerprints are considered highly sensitive personal information and cannot be downloaded and stored into the bank databases. By using federated learning, the bank can train and deploy an ML model that can recognize fingerprints without compromising the data privacy of the customers. The model can also adapt to the variations and changes in the fingerprints over time and improve its accuracy and reliability. Therefore, federated learning is the best learning strategy for this use case.


Question No. 2

You work on a growing team of more than 50 data scientists who all use Al Platform. You are designing a strategy to organize your jobs, models, and versions in a clean and scalable way. Which strategy should you choose?

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Correct Answer: C

Labels are key-value pairs that can be attached to any AI Platform resource, such as jobs, models, versions, or endpoints1. Labels can help you organize your resources into descriptive categories, such as project, team, environment, or purpose.You can use labels to filter the results when you list or monitor your resources, or to group them for billing or quota purposes2. Using labels is a simple and scalable way to manage your AI Platform resources without creating unnecessary complexity or overhead. Therefore, using labels to organize resources is the best strategy for this use case.


Using labels

Filtering and grouping by labels

Question No. 3

You have deployed a scikit-learn model to a Vertex Al endpoint using a custom model server. You enabled auto scaling; however, the deployed model fails to scale beyond one replica, which led to dropped requests. You notice that CPU utilization remains low even during periods of high load. What should you do?

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Correct Answer: B

Auto scaling is a feature that allows you to automatically adjust the number of prediction nodes based on the traffic and load of your deployed model1.However, auto scaling depends on the CPU utilization of your prediction nodes, which is the percentage of CPU resources used by your model server1.If your CPU utilization is low, even during periods of high load, it means that your model server is not fully utilizing the available CPU resources, and thus auto scaling will not trigger more replicas2.

One possible reason for low CPU utilization is that your model server is using a single worker process to handle prediction requests3.A worker process is a subprocess that runs your model code and handles prediction requests3.If you have only one worker process, it can only handle one request at a time, which can lead to dropped requests when the traffic is high3.To increase the CPU utilization and the throughput of your model server, you can increase the number of worker processes, which will allow your model server to handle multiple requests in parallel3.

To increase the number of workers in your model server, you need to modify your custom model server code and use the--workersflag to specify the number of worker processes you want to use3. For example, if you are using a Gunicorn server, you can use the following command to start your model server with four worker processes:

gunicorn --bind :$PORT --workers 4 --threads 1 --timeout 60 main:app

By increasing the number of workers in your model server, you can increase the CPU utilization of your prediction nodes, and thus enable auto scaling to scale beyond one replica.

The other options are not suitable for your scenario, because they either do not address the root cause of low CPU utilization, such as attaching a GPU or scheduling scaling, or they do not enable auto scaling, such as increasing the minReplicaCount, which is a fixed number of nodes that will always run regardless of the traffic1.


Scaling prediction nodes | Vertex AI | Google Cloud

Troubleshooting | Vertex AI | Google Cloud

Using a custom prediction routine with online prediction | Vertex AI | Google Cloud

Question No. 4

You work for a bank with strict data governance requirements. You recently implemented a custom model to detect fraudulent transactions You want your training code to download internal data by using an API endpoint hosted in your projects network You need the data to be accessed in the most secure way, while mitigating the risk of data exfiltration. What should you do?

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Correct Answer: A

The best option for accessing internal data in the most secure way, while mitigating the risk of data exfiltration, is to enable VPC Service Controls for peerings, and add Vertex AI to a service perimeter. This option allows you to leverage the power and simplicity of VPC Service Controls to isolate and protect your data and services on Google Cloud. VPC Service Controls is a service that can create a secure perimeter around your Google Cloud resources, such as BigQuery, Cloud Storage, and Vertex AI. VPC Service Controls can help you prevent unauthorized access and data exfiltration from your perimeter, and enforce fine-grained access policies based on context and identity. Peerings are connections that can allow traffic to flow between different networks. Peerings can help you connect your Google Cloud network with other Google Cloud networks or external networks, and enable communication between your resources and services. By enabling VPC Service Controls for peerings, you can allow your training code to download internal data by using an API endpoint hosted in your project's network, and restrict the data transfer to only authorized networks and services. Vertex AI is a unified platform for building and deploying machine learning solutions on Google Cloud. Vertex AI can support various types of models, such as linear regression, logistic regression, k-means clustering, matrix factorization, and deep neural networks. Vertex AI can also provide various tools and services for data analysis, model development, model deployment, model monitoring, and model governance.By adding Vertex AI to a service perimeter, you can isolate and protect your Vertex AI resources, such as models, endpoints, pipelines, and feature store, and prevent data exfiltration from your perimeter1.

The other options are not as good as option A, for the following reasons:

Option B: Creating a Cloud Run endpoint as a proxy to the data, and using Identity and Access Management (IAM) authentication to secure access to the endpoint from the training job would require more skills and steps than enabling VPC Service Controls for peerings, and adding Vertex AI to a service perimeter. Cloud Run is a service that can run your stateless containers on a fully managed environment or on your own Google Kubernetes Engine cluster. Cloud Run can help you deploy and scale your containerized applications quickly and easily, and pay only for the resources you use. A Cloud Run endpoint is a URL that can expose your containerized application to the internet or to other Google Cloud services. A Cloud Run endpoint can help you access and invoke your application from anywhere, and handle the load balancing and traffic routing. A proxy is a server that can act as an intermediary between a client and a target server. A proxy can help you modify, filter, or redirect the requests and responses between the client and the target server, and provide additional functionality or security. IAM is a service that can manage access control for Google Cloud resources. IAM can help you define who (identity) has what access (role) to which resource, and enforce the access policies. By creating a Cloud Run endpoint as a proxy to the data, and using IAM authentication to secure access to the endpoint from the training job, you can access internal data by using an API endpoint hosted in your project's network, and restrict the data access to only authorized identities and roles. However, creating a Cloud Run endpoint as a proxy to the data, and using IAM authentication to secure access to the endpoint from the training job would require more skills and steps than enabling VPC Service Controls for peerings, and adding Vertex AI to a service perimeter. You would need to write code, create and configure the Cloud Run endpoint, implement the proxy logic, deploy and monitor the Cloud Run endpoint, and set up the IAM policies.Moreover, this option would not prevent data exfiltration from your network, as the Cloud Run endpoint can be accessed from outside your network2.

Option C: Configuring VPC Peering with Vertex AI and specifying the network of the training job would not allow you to access internal data by using an API endpoint hosted in your project's network, and could cause errors or poor performance. VPC Peering is a service that can create a peering connection between two VPC networks. VPC Peering can help you connect your Google Cloud network with another Google Cloud network or an external network, and enable communication between your resources and services. By configuring VPC Peering with Vertex AI and specifying the network of the training job, you can allow your training code to access Vertex AI resources, such as models, endpoints, pipelines, and feature store, and use the same network for the training job. However, configuring VPC Peering with Vertex AI and specifying the network of the training job would not allow you to access internal data by using an API endpoint hosted in your project's network, and could cause errors or poor performance. You would need to write code, create and configure the VPC Peering connection, and specify the network of the training job.Moreover, this option would not isolate and protect your data and services on Google Cloud, as the VPC Peering connection can expose your network to other networks and services3.

Option D: Downloading the data to a Cloud Storage bucket before calling the training job would not allow you to access internal data by using an API endpoint hosted in your project's network, and could increase the complexity and cost of the data access. Cloud Storage is a service that can store and manage your data on Google Cloud. Cloud Storage can help you upload and organize your data, and track the data versions and metadata. A Cloud Storage bucket is a container that can hold your data on Cloud Storage. A Cloud Storage bucket can help you store and access your data from anywhere, and provide various storage classes and options. By downloading the data to a Cloud Storage bucket before calling the training job, you can access the data from Cloud Storage, and use it as the input for the training job. However, downloading the data to a Cloud Storage bucket before calling the training job would not allow you to access internal data by using an API endpoint hosted in your project's network, and could increase the complexity and cost of the data access. You would need to write code, create and configure the Cloud Storage bucket, download the data to the Cloud Storage bucket, and call the training job.Moreover, this option would create an intermediate data source on Cloud Storage, which can increase the storage and transfer costs, and expose the data to unauthorized access or data exfiltration4.


Preparing for Google Cloud Certification: Machine Learning Engineer, Course 3: Production ML Systems, Week 1: Data Engineering

Google Cloud Professional Machine Learning Engineer Exam Guide, Section 1: Framing ML problems, 1.2 Defining data needs

Official Google Cloud Certified Professional Machine Learning Engineer Study Guide, Chapter 2: Data Engineering, Section 2.2: Defining Data Needs

VPC Service Controls

Cloud Run

VPC Peering

Cloud Storage

Question No. 5

Your team has a model deployed to a Vertex Al endpoint You have created a Vertex Al pipeline that automates the model training process and is triggered by a Cloud Function. You need to prioritize keeping the model up-to-date, but also minimize retraining costs. How should you configure retraining'?

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Correct Answer: D

According to the official exam guide1, one of the skills assessed in the exam is to ''configure and optimize model monitoring jobs''.Vertex AI Model Monitoring documentation states that ''model monitoring helps you detect when your model's performance degrades over time due to changes in the data that your model receives or returns'' and that 'you can configure model monitoring to send notifications to Pub/Sub when it detects anomalies or drift in your model's predictions'2. Therefore, enabling model monitoring on the Vertex AI endpoint and configuring Pub/Sub to call the Cloud Function when feature drift is detected would help you keep the model up-to-date and minimize retraining costs. The other options are not relevant or optimal for this scenario.Reference:

Professional ML Engineer Exam Guide

Vertex AI Model Monitoring

Google Professional Machine Learning Certification Exam 2023

Latest Google Professional Machine Learning Engineer Actual Free Exam Questions


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