Important decisions may require more care in analyzing data because they have higher stakes, greater uncertainty, and more complexity. Data analysis can help managers to identify patterns, trends, correlations, and causal relationships that can inform their decision making. Data analysis can also help managers to evaluate alternatives, test hypotheses, and predict outcomes. However, data analysis is not a substitute for judgment, intuition, and creativity. Managers should also consider the quality, reliability, and validity of the data, as well as the ethical and social implications of their decisions.Reference:CITM Course Outline,Sample Exam - GAQM,TEST 1 2020, questions and answers - CITM 102 TEST BANKS ... - Studocu

According to the CITM study guide, an international firm can adopt different business models depending on its degree of global integration and local responsiveness. The study guide identifies four types of business models: international, multidomestic, global, and transnational. These are similar to the typology of multinational companies proposed by Bartlett and Ghoshal (1989). The study guide defines each business model as follows:

International: The firm operates in multiple countries but has a low degree of global integration and local responsiveness. The firm's subsidiaries are largely independent and follow the parent company's strategy and culture. The firm exploits its core competencies and capabilities across different markets without much adaptation. This business model is also known as theinternational projectoror thecentralized exporter.

Multidomestic: The firm operates in multiple countries and has a high degree of local responsiveness but a low degree of global integration. The firm's subsidiaries are highly autonomous and tailor their products and services to the specific needs and preferences of the local markets. The firm sacrifices efficiency and standardization for differentiation and customization. This business model is also known as themultinational drivenor thedecentralized federation.

Global: The firm operates in multiple countries and has a high degree of global integration but a low degree of local responsiveness. The firm's subsidiaries are highly dependent on the parent company and follow a standardized and centralized strategy and culture. The firm leverages economies of scale and scope to achieve cost efficiency and competitiveness. This business model is also known as theintegrated global ITor thecoordinated federation.

Transnational: The firm operates in multiple countries and has a high degree of both global integration and local responsiveness. The firm's subsidiaries are interdependent and collaborate with each other and the parent company to share and transfer knowledge, resources, and best practices. The firm balances efficiency and adaptation to achieve innovation and learning. This business model is also known as theintellectual synergyor theheterarchical network.

Based on these definitions, the three business models that an international firm might adhere to are B, C, and D. Option A is not a valid business model, but rather a characteristic of the transnational business model.Reference:

CITM Study Guide, Chapter 4: International Business Strategy, pp. 63-66

Bartlett, C.A. and Ghoshal, S. (1989). Managing across borders: The transnational solution.Harvard Business School Press1

A macro virus is a virus that is written in a macro language, which is a programming language embedded inside a software application, such as word processors and spreadsheet applications. A macro virus can attach itself to a file or template and run automatically when the file is opened or closed, without the user's knowledge. A macro virus can infect any system that supports macros, regardless of the operating system.A macro virus can spread quickly by infecting other documents and templates, and may cause damage to the computer and its applications123Reference:

1: What is a Macro Virus? | Macro Virus Definition - Kaspersky

2: Macro virus - Wikipedia

3: What is a macro virus and how to help prevent them - Norton

Classes are a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming and modeling. A class describes a group of objects that share the same features, constraints, semantics, and behavior. A class is shown as a rectangle with the class name and optionally with compartments for attributes and operations. Classes can be used to model real-world entities or system components.Classes can also have relationships with other classes, such as generalization, association, aggregation, or composition.Reference:1

Classes are a fundamental concept in object-oriented programming and modeling. A class describes a group of objects that share the same features, constraints, semantics, and behavior. A class is shown as a rectangle with the class name and optionally with compartments for attributes and operations. Classes can be used to model real-world entities or system components.Classes can also have relationships with other classes, such as generalization, association, aggregation, or composition.Reference: https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~sme/CSC340F/slides/11-objects.pdf

https://www.cs.toronto.edu/~jm/340S/Slides2/ClassD.pdf

Tangible costs are those that can be easily quantified and measured, such as direct expenses or physical assets. However, in some cases, tangible costs savings can be difficult to estimate because they depend on various factors, such as the expected life cycle of the asset, the depreciation rate, the maintenance costs, the opportunity costs, and the market conditions. For example, if a company invests in a new production machine, the tangible cost savings would be the difference between the cost of the old machine and the cost of the new machine, plus the additional benefits of the new machine, such as higher output, lower energy consumption, and improved quality. However, these benefits may not be easy to measure or predict, especially in the long term. Therefore, tangible costs savings can be difficult to estimate in some cases.Reference:Tangible Cost: Meaning and Difference From Intangible Costs - Investopedia,What Are Tangible Costs? (Plus Why They Matter and Examples) | Indeed.com,Intangible Cost vs. Tangible Cost - What's the Difference? | This vs. That,Project tangible and intangible benefits - Twproject: project management software