Endpoint compliance is defined in the policy configuration stage of FortiNAC. Endpoint compliance policies specify which endpoint compliance configuration and user/host profile are applied to a host based on its location, user, and device type. Endpoint compliance configurations define whether a host is required to download an agent and undergo a scan, permitted access with no scan, or denied access. The scan parameters and security actions are also configured in the endpoint compliance configurations.Therefore, to define endpoint compliance, you need to create and assign endpoint compliance policies and configurations in the policy configuration stage of FortiNAC.Reference:= https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortinac/9.4.0/administration-guide/985922/endpoint-compliance-policies

https://docs.fortinet.com/document/fortinac/9.4.0/fortinac-manager/161887/endpoint-compliance-configurations

With the increase in IoT devices, enterprises face many challenges in securing and managing their network and data. Two of the most significant challenges are:

Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices (Option C): IoT devices are often vulnerable to cyber attacks due to their increased exposure to the internet and their limited computing resources.Some of the security challenges in IoT include weak password protection, lack of regular patches and updates, insecure interfaces, insufficient data protection, and poor IoT device management12. Unpatched vulnerabilities in IoT devices can allow hackers to exploit them and compromise the network or data.For example, the Mirai malware infected IoT devices by using default credentials and created a massive botnet that launched DDoS attacks on internet services2.

Achieving full network visibility (Option D): IoT devices can generate a large amount of data that needs to be collected, processed, and analyzed. However, many enterprises lack the tools and capabilities to monitor and manage the IoT devices and data effectively. This can result in poor performance, inefficiency, and security risks. Achieving full network visibility means having a clear and comprehensive view of all the IoT devices, their status, their connectivity, their data flow, and their potential threats.This can help enterprises optimize their network performance, ensure data quality and integrity, and detect and prevent any anomalies or attacks3.

The FortiAnalyzer playbook configuration shown in the exhibit indicates that:

For FortiNAC to perform automated incident response based on FortiGate traffic, the required configuration is:

A) FortiNAC should be added as a participant in the Security Fabric: By integrating FortiNAC into the Fortinet Security Fabric, it can respond to incidents based on traffic analysis performed by FortiGate. This allows for coordinated and automated responses to security events.

The other options are not specifically required for automated incident response in this context:

B) FortiNAC requires read-write SNMP access to FortiGate: While SNMP access is important for certain functions, it is not the key requirement for this

specific use case.

C) FortiNAC should be configured as a syslog server on FortiGate: Configuring FortiNAC as a syslog server is useful for log collection but not specifically for automated incident response based on traffic.

D) FortiNAC requires HTTPS access to FortiGate for API calls: HTTPS access for API calls is important for integration, but it is not the primary requirement for automated incident response based on FortiGate traffic analysis.

FortiNAC Integration with FortiGate for Incident Response.

Fortinet Security Fabric Documentation.

To prevent direct host-to-host communication at layer 2 and use only FortiGate to inspect all the VLAN traffic, an administrator must configure:

B) Block intra-VLAN traffic in the VLAN interface settings: This setting prevents direct communication between hosts within the same VLAN, forcing traffic to be routed through FortiGate for inspection.

D) Configure static routes to allow subnets: By setting up static routes, the administrator ensures that traffic between different subnets is correctly routed through the FortiGate for inspection and policy enforcement.

E) Configure a firewall policy to allow the desired traffic between hosts: Firewall policies on the FortiGate will dictate what traffic is permitted between hosts, ensuring that only authorized traffic is allowed.

The other options are not typically required for this setup:

A) Configure proxy ARP to allow traffic: Proxy ARP is not necessary for this scenario as it involves answering ARP requests on behalf of another host, which is not relevant to blocking intra-VLAN traffic.

C) Add the VLAN interface to a software switch: This would create a switch-like environment on the FortiGate, which is counterproductive to the goal of preventing direct host-to-host communication at layer 2.

FortiGate VLAN Configuration Guide.

Blocking Intra-VLAN Communication in FortiGate.