Exhibit.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the output of diagnose sys session list.
If the HA ID for the primary device is 0. what happens if the primary fails and the secondary becomes the primary?
Session Synchronization:
FortiGate HA (High Availability) ensures that active sessions are synchronized between the primary and secondary devices. This synchronization allows for seamless failover and continuity of sessions.
Handling NAT Sessions:
The session in the exhibit has NAT applied, as indicated by the hook=post dir=org act=snat entry. FortiGate's HA setup is designed to handle such sessions, ensuring that traffic continues without interruption during failover.
Session Preservation:
Even with the presence of NAT, the session state is preserved across the HA devices. This means that ongoing sessions do not require re-establishment by the client, thus providing a seamless experience.
Fortinet Documentation: HA session synchronization and failover
Fortinet Community: Understanding session synchronization in FortiGate HA
Refer to the exhibits.
An administrator is attempting to advertise the network configured on port3. However, FGT-A is not receiving the prefix.
Which two actions can the administrator take to fix this problem'' (Choose two.)
Soft Reset of BGP:
Performing a soft reset of BGP is a common method to resolve issues where prefixes are not being received. It forces both BGP peers to resend their complete routing tables to each other.
This can be done using the command: execute router clear bgp soft in and execute router clear bgp soft out.
Network Import Check:
The network-import-check command controls whether the FortiGate should verify that the prefix exists in the routing table before advertising it.
Disabling this check can resolve issues where valid prefixes are not advertised due to stringent verification.
The command to disable this is: config router bgp set network-import-check disable end.
BGP Configuration Verification:
Ensure that the BGP configuration on FGT-B is correctly set to advertise the network 172.16.54.0/24.
Verify that the network statement is correctly configured and matches the intended prefix.
Fortinet Community: Technical Note on Configuring BGP (Welcome to the Fortinet Community!).
Fortinet Documentation: Configuring BGP on FortiGate (Fortinet Document Library).
Which statement about IKE and IKE NAT-T is true?
IKE (Internet Key Exchange): IKE is a protocol used to set up a security association (SA) in the IPsec protocol suite. It is utilized to negotiate, create, and manage SAs.
NAT-T (Network Address Translation-Traversal): NAT-T is used to enable IPsec VPN traffic to pass through NAT devices. It encapsulates IPsec ESP packets into UDP packets.
Transport Protocol: Both IKE and IKE NAT-T use UDP as their transport protocol.
Port Numbers: By default, IKE uses UDP port 500. NAT-T typically uses UDP port 4500. However, these port numbers can be configured as needed.
Fortinet Network Security Support Engineer Study Guide for FortiOS 7.2 (Fortinet Docs) (ebin.pub).
Fortinet Documentation on IPsec VPN Configuration (Fortinet Docs).
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a session table entry.
Which statement about FortiGate behavior relating to this session is true?
The session table entry provided shows detailed information about a specific network session passing through the FortiGate device. From the session details, we can see that the session has various attributes such as state, protocol, policy, and inspection details.
The session state (proto_state=11) indicates that the session is being actively processed and inspected.
The npd_state=00000000 suggests that the session is being handled by the CPU rather than offloaded to a Network Processor (NP).
The session is marked for security profile inspection, evident from the detailed byte/packet counts and other session parameters.
From these indicators, it's clear that FortiGate is using its CPU to perform security profile inspection on this session rather than simply forwarding the traffic without inspection or relying solely on IPS inspection.
Fortinet Documentation on Session Table
Fortinet Community Discussion on Session Table
Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time LDAP debug.
What two conclusions can you draw from the output? (Choose two.)
LDAP Authentication Process:
LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) authentication involves several steps: Bind Request, Search Request, and Bind Response.
The Bind Request is used to authenticate the client to the LDAP server.
The Search Request is used to find the directory entry that matches the provided criteria.
Analyzing the Exhibit:
The exhibit shows a real-time LDAP debug output.
The debug log includes a successful resolution of the LDAP FQDN, indicating that the LDAP server was reached.
The debug log also shows the start of a search using the distinguished name (DN) base and a filter to locate the user jsmith.
Conclusion:
Since FortiOS successfully resolved the LDAP server and initiated a search for the user jsmith, it indicates that the LDAP server was located, and the search request was performed.
Fortinet Community: Understanding LDAP authentication steps and troubleshooting (Fortinet Docs).
