Refer to the exhibit, which shows a truncated output of a real-time RADIUS debug.
Which two statements are true? (Choose two.)
RADIUS Server IP Address:
The debug output shows that the RADIUS request was sent to the server at IP=172.25.188.164. This indicates that the RADIUS server being queried for authentication is indeed located at this IP address.
Authentication Result:
The debug output includes a line indicating the result for the RADIUS server: Result for radius svr 'RadiusServer' 172.25.188.164(0) is 0. A result code of 0 typically signifies that the authentication attempt was unsuccessful.
Authentication Scheme:
The debug output does not indicate that the authentication scheme used was pop3; it mentions using CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol).
Two-factor Authentication:
There is no indication in the debug output that two-factor authentication was required for this session.
Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
RADIUS Authentication Configuration and Debugging Guides
Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of a diagnose command.
Based on the output, which two statements are correct? (Choose two.)
Remote Gateway IP:
The output shows 10.200.5.1 as the remote gateway IP, confirming that this is the IP address of the remote gateway involved in the IPsec VPN tunnel.
Quick Mode Selectors:
The quick mode selectors specify the subnets involved in the VPN. The output shows src: 0:10.1.2.0/255.255.255.0:0 and dst: 0:10.1.1.0/255.255.255.0:0, indicating the subnets being tunneled.
DPD (Dead Peer Detection):
DPD is shown as mode=on-demand on=1 idle=20000ms retry=3 count=0 seqno=0, indicating that DPD is enabled in on-demand mode.
Anti-replay:
The output includes replaywin=2048 and replaywin_lastseq=00000000, which are indicators that anti-replay protection is enabled for the IPsec tunnel.
Fortinet Network Security 7.2 Support Engineer Documentation
VPN Configuration and Diagnostic Guides
Consider the scenario where the server name indication (SNI) does not match either the common name (CN) or any of the subject alternative names (SAN) in the server certificate. Which action will FortiGate take when using the default settings for SSL certificate inspection?
SNI and Certificate Mismatch: When the Server Name Indication (SNI) does not match either the Common Name (CN) or any of the Subject Alternative Names (SAN) in the server certificate, FortiGate's default behavior is to consider this as an invalid SSL/TLS configuration.
Default Action: FortiGate, under default settings for SSL certificate inspection, will close the connection to prevent potential security risks associated with mismatched certificates.
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the omitted output of FortiOS kernel slabs.
Which statement is true?
Kernel Slabs Overview:
The slab allocator in the Linux kernel is used for efficient memory management. It groups objects of the same type into caches, which are divided into slabs.
Each slab contains multiple objects and helps to minimize fragmentation and enhance memory allocation efficiency.
Interpreting the Exhibit:
The exhibit shows output related to various kernel slab caches.
The line for ip6_session indicates that there are 1300 kB allocated for this slab, which means the total memory size allocated for IPv6 session objects in the kernel is 1300 kB.
Linux Kernel Documentation: Slab Allocator details (Hammertux).
Which exchange lakes care of DoS protection in IKEv2?
IKE_SA_INIT Exchange:
The IKE_SA_INIT exchange is the first step in the IKEv2 negotiation process. It is responsible for setting up the initial security association (SA) and performing Diffie-Hellman key exchange.
During this exchange, the responder may employ various measures to protect against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks, such as rate limiting and the use of puzzles to increase the computational cost for an attacker.
DoS Protection Mechanisms:
One key method involves limiting the number of half-open SAs from any single IP address or subnet.
The IKE_SA_INIT exchange can also incorporate the use of stateless cookies, which help to verify the initiator's legitimacy without requiring extensive resource allocation by the responder until the initiator is verified.
RFC 5996: Internet Key Exchange Protocol Version 2 (IKEv2) (RFC Editor).
