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What is the role of a device that is simultaneously functioning as both the distribution and core in the hierarchy network model?
In a hierarchical network model, the role of a device functioning simultaneously as both the distribution and core is most accurately described as 'FortiGate managing FortiSwitch (B).' In this setup, FortiGate acts as the central unit managing multiple FortiSwitch units, thereby functioning both as a distribution layer---handling traffic between network segments---and as a core layer---managing traffic within the network on a broader scale. This setup is typical in medium-sized networks where a single device is capable enough to handle both roles effectively.
Refer to the exhibit.
Which two statements best describe what is displayed in the FortiLink debug output shown in the exhibit? (Choose two.)
The provided debug output indicates that the FortiSwitch is sending FortiLink heartbeats to the FortiGate and is currently waiting to join the stack group. Here's a breakdown of the relevant lines:
Line 1: Shows the date, time, elapsed time since boot, and process ID for the FortiLink event handler.
573s:160ms: 74us translates to roughly 573 seconds, 160 milliseconds, and 74 microseconds since uptime.
Event 101: This indicates the FortiSwitch is in a 'wait join' state (FL_STATE_WAIT_JOIN). This means it's discovered by the FortiGate and is awaiting further instructions to join the FortiLink stack group.
switchname S424DPTF20000029: This displays the serial number of the FortiSwitch.
flags 0x401: The specific flag meaning might depend on the FortiSwitch model and version, but it likely indicates general communication between the switch and FortiGate.
Lines 2 and onward: These lines show subsequent events with similar timestamps, suggesting a regular heartbeat interval. There are also instances of the FortiSwitch sending packets to the FortiGate (indicated by pkt-sent).
Why the Other Options Are Less Likely:
C . FortiSwitch is discovered and authorized by FortiGate. While discovery might have happened before these lines, the 'wait join' state suggests authorization hasn't necessarily completed yet.
D . FortiSwitch is ready to push its new hostname to FortiGate. There's no explicit indication of hostname changes in this excerpt. The focus is on joining the stack group.
In Summary:
The key point is the 'FL_STATE_WAIT_JOIN' state, which signifies the FortiSwitch is ready to be fully integrated but is waiting for further commands from the FortiGate to complete the process.
Refer to the exhibit.
What two conclusions can be made regarding DHCP snooping configuration? (Choose two.)
Based on the DHCP snooping configuration details provided in the exhibit:
B . FortiSwitch is configured to trust DHCP replies coming on FortiLink interface. The configuration segment shows 'trusted ports : port2 FlInK1 MLAG0,' indicating that the FortiSwitch is configured to trust DHCP replies coming from the specified ports, including the FortiLink interface labeled FlInK1. This setup is critical in environments where the FortiLink interface connects directly to a trusted device, such as a FortiGate appliance, ensuring that DHCP traffic on these ports is considered legitimate.
D . Global configuration for DHCP snooping is set to forward DHCP client requests on all ports in the VLAN. The 'DHCP Broadcast Mode' set to 'All' under the DHCP Global Configuration indicates that DHCP client requests are allowed to broadcast across all ports within the VLAN. This setting is essential for environments needing broad DHCP client servicing across multiple access ports without restriction, facilitating network connectivity and management.
Exhibit.
port24 is the only uplink port connected to the network where access to FortiSwitch management services is possible. However, FortiSwitch is still not accessible on the management interface. Which two actions should you take to fix the issue and access FortiSwitch? (Choose two.)
To enable access to the FortiSwitch management interface from the network, certain configuration adjustments need to be made, particularly considering the VLAN settings displayed in the exhibit:
Adding port24 native VLAN to the allowed VLANs on internal (Option A): The management VLAN (VLAN 4094 in this case, as it is set as the native VLAN on the 'internal' interface of the FortiSwitch) must be included in the allowed VLANs on the interface that provides management connectivity. Since port24 is set with a different native VLAN (VLAN 100), VLAN 4094 (the management VLAN) should be allowed through to ensure connectivity.
Allow VLAN ID 4094 on port24 if management traffic is tagged (Option C): Management traffic is tagged on VLAN 4094. Since port24 is connected to the network and serves as an uplink, allowing VLAN 4094 ensures that management traffic can reach the management interface of the FortiSwitch through this port.
The changes align with Fortinet's best practices for setting up management VLANs and ensuring they are permitted on the relevant switch ports for proper management traffic flow.
FortiGate Infrastructure and Security 7.2 Study Guides
Best practices for VLAN configurations in Fortinet's technical documentation
Exhibit.
What conditions does a FortiSwitch need to have to successfully configure the options shown in the exhibit above? (Choose two.)
Regarding the configuration of a FortiSwitch to split a port into multiple smaller interfaces:
The CLI commands are enabling a split port into four 10Gbps interfaces (Option B): The command shown in the exhibit is typically used to configure a high-speed port (like a 40Gbps or 100Gbps interface) to be divided into smaller, independent 10Gbps interfaces. This feature allows more flexible use of the switch's physical resources.
The port full speed prior to the split was 100G SFP+ (Option C): Given the context of splitting the port into multiple 10Gbps interfaces, the original port configuration likely supported a high-speed transceiver such as 100G SFP+. This would make it technically feasible to divide the interface into multiple 10Gbps channels, enhancing connectivity options without requiring additional physical interfaces.
These configurations and capabilities are typical in modern network setups, especially in environments requiring high density and flexibility in connectivity, allowing network administrators to optimize physical infrastructure efficiently.
