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Refer to the exhibit, which contains the partial output of an OSPF command.
An administrator is checking the OSPF status of a FortiGate device and receives the output shown in the exhibit.
Which statement on this FortiGate device is correct?
From the OSPF status output, the key information is:
'This router is an ASBR' This means the FortiGate is acting as an Autonomous System Boundary Router (ASBR).
An ASBR is responsible for injecting external routing information into OSPF from another routing protocol (such as BGP, static routes, or connected networks).
Refer to the exhibit, which shows the packet capture output of a three-way handshake between FortiGate and FortiManager Cloud.
What two conclusions can you draw from the exhibit? (Choose two.)
The packet capture output displays a TLS Client Hello message from FortiGate to FortiManager Cloud. This message contains Server Name Indication (SNI), which is used to indicate the domain name that FortiGate is trying to connect to.
FortiGate will receive a certificate that supports multiple domains because FortiManager operates in a cloud computing environment.
FortiManager Cloud hosts multiple customers and domains under a shared infrastructure.
The TLS handshake includes SNI (Server Name Indication), which allows FortiManager Cloud to serve multiple certificates based on the requested domain.
This means FortiGate will likely receive a multi-domain or wildcard certificate that can be used for multiple customers under FortiManager Cloud.
The wildcard for the domain .fortinet-ca2.support.fortinet.com must be supported by FortiManager Cloud.
The SNI extension contains the domain 9398.support.fortinet-ca2.fortinet.com.
FortiManager Cloud must support wildcard certificates such as *.fortinet-ca2.support.fortinet.com to securely manage multiple subdomains and customers.
This ensures that FortiGate can validate the server certificate without any TLS errors.
Refer to the exhibit.
A pre-run CLI template that is used in zero-touch provisioning (ZTP) and low-touch provisioning (LTP) with FortiManager is shown.
The template is not assigned even though the configuration has already been installed on FortiGate.
What is true about this scenario?
In FortiManager, pre-run CLI templates are used in Zero-Touch Provisioning (ZTP) and Low-Touch Provisioning (LTP) to configure a FortiGate device before it is fully managed by FortiManager.
These templates apply configurations when a device is initially provisioned. Once the pre-run CLI template is executed, FortiManager automatically unassigns it from the device because it is not meant to persist like other policy configurations. This prevents conflicts and ensures that the FortiGate configuration is not repeatedly applied after the initial setup.
During the maintenance window, an administrator must sniff all the traffic going through a specific firewall policy, which is handled by NP6 interfaces. The output of the sniffer trace provides just a few packets.
Why is the output of sniffer trace limited?
FortiGate devices with NP6 (Network Processor 6) acceleration offload traffic directly to hardware, bypassing the CPU for improved performance. When auto-asic-offload is enabled in a firewall policy, most of the traffic does not reach the CPU, which means it won't be captured by the standard sniffer trace command.
Since NP6-accelerated traffic is handled entirely in hardware, only a small portion of initial packets (such as session setup packets or exceptions) might be seen in the sniffer output. To capture all packets, the administrator must disable hardware offloading using:
config firewall policy
edit
set auto-asic-offload disable
end
Disabling ASIC offload forces traffic to be processed by the CPU, allowing the sniffer tool to capture all packets.
What is the initial step performed by FortiGate when handling the first packets of a session?
When FortiGate processes the first packets of a session, it follows a sequence of steps to determine how the traffic should be handled before establishing a session. The initial step involves:
Access Control List (ACL) checks: Determines if the traffic should be allowed or blocked based on predefined security rules.
Hardware Packet Engine (HPE) inspections: Ensures that packet headers are valid and comply with protocol standards.
IP Integrity Header Checking: Verifies if the IP headers are intact and not malformed or spoofed.
Once these security inspections are completed and the session is validated, FortiGate then installs the session in hardware (if offloading is enabled) or processes it in software.
